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Wednesday, 25 January 2012

What is a Motherboard ?

1/25/2012 11:26:00 pm  Unknown  No comments

A motherboard is the main board in a computer through which a number of devices, peripherals, expansion cards, CPU(s), RAM, and other I/O devices are attached, providing a means of communication. It is also known generally as a main board or a system board, or also called a logic board by Apple, and a planar by IBM/Lenovo. A motherboard is a printed circuit board that can come in various colors. Its shape and size is a big factor in the shape and size of the computer as a whole.
As a central nervous system of the computer, of sorts, a motherboard includes:
  • Various buses and chipsets that interconnect components such as the CPU, RAM, expansion cards, and ports for peripherals, allowing each of these devices to communicate.
  • A motherboard will also contain some circuitry to maintain the time and remember some options that are used during boot.
  • A Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) chip exists to perform a rudimentary check of components on boot and begin the boot process. On some PCs and all Macs, a separate system known as Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) instead performs these tasks.
Given the importance of the motherboard to the communication of all devices in a computer, it contains a vast array of ports that might include some or all of the following, depending on the motherboard's size, age, and cost:
  • A socket or connector for the CPU.
  • At least one (but usually several) slots for RAM sticks.
  • ATA/IDE and/or SATA connectors for non-volatile memory devices such as HDDs, SSDs, floppy drives, or optical drives.
  • Power connectors to accept electricity from the power supply and provide power to various attached components.
  • Ports like USB, FireWire, and others for peripherals and other I/O devices. Older motherboards might instead contain connectors like a parallel port or PS/2 port.
  • A VGA, DisplayPort, or DVI connector for a monitor, though sometimes this port will be provided by a video expansion card rather than by the chipset on the motherboard.

Shantanu

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